|
The Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust (DRVH) is an annual 8-day period designated by the United States Congress for civic commemorations and special educational programs that help citizens remember and draw lessons from the Holocaust. The annual DRVH period normally begins on the Sunday before the Jewish observance of ''Yom HaShoah'', Holocaust Memorial Day, and continues through the following Sunday, usually in April or May. A National Civic Commemoration is held in Washington, D.C., with state, city, and local ceremonies and programs held in most of the fifty states, and on U.S. military ships and stations around the world. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum designates a (theme for each year's programs ), and provides materials to help support remembrance efforts. A House Joint resolution 1014 designated April 28 and 29 of 1979 as "Days of Remembrance of Victims of the Holocaust." Senator John Danforth of Missouri, had originated the resolution, chose April 28 and 29, because it was on these dates, in 1945, that American troops — including at least one ethnically segregated artillery battalion of the U.S. Army, many of whose own relatives were themselves interned during the war on American soil — liberated the Dachau concentration camp and a number of its satellite camps. In 2005, the United Nations established a different date for International Holocaust Remembrance Day,〔(International Holocaust Remembrance Day, USHMM website )〕 Jan. 27 — the day in 1945 when the Soviet Red Army liberated the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp — but the ''Yom HaShoah'' date of Nisan 27 on the Hebrew calendar continues as the date for the determination of the 8-day DRVH commemoration. This date also links the DRVH to the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943.〔(Link of 27 Nisan to Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. )〕 ==Background== 6/22/1978 - OFFICIAL TITLE AS INTRODUCED: A resolution designating April 28 and 29 of 1979 as "Days of Remembrance of Victims of the Holocaust" Senator John Danforth of Missouri, whom I commend for having originated the resolution, chose April 28 and 29, because it was on these dates, in 1945, that American troops liberated the Dachau concentration camp H.J.RES.1014 Latest Title: A resolution designating April 28 and 29 of 1979 as "Days of Remembrance of Victims of the Holocaust". Sponsor: Rep Wright, James C., Jr. () (introduced 6/22/1978) Cosponsors (3) Latest Major Action: 9/18/1978 Public Law 95-371. On November 1, 1978, President Jimmy Carter signed an ''Executive Order'' establishing the (''President’s Commission on the Holocaust'' ), to be chaired by Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel. Its mandate was to investigate the creation and maintenance of a memorial to victims of the Holocaust and an appropriate annual commemoration in their memory. ''(Executive Order 12093, November 1, 1978 ): On April 24, 1979, in anticipation of the Commission's report, the first National Civic Commemoration was held in the Capitol Rotunda, with the address delivered by President Carter: Although words do pale, yet we must speak. We must strive to understand. We must teach the lessons of the Holocaust. And most of all, we ourselves must remember. On September 27, 1979, the Commission presented its report to the President, recommending the establishment of a national Holocaust memorial museum in Washington, D.C. with three main components: a national museum/memorial, an educational foundation, and a Committee on Conscience.〔( President's Commission on the Holocaust )〕 (The United States Holocaust Memorial Council (USHMC) ) was established in 1980 by (Public Law 96-388 ) to coordinate an annual, national civic commemoration of the DRVH in Washington, D.C.; to oversee the creation of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and to provide support for State and local civic ceremonies in each of the fifty states. Since 1984, the United States military has also taken part in DRVH ceremonies.〔''Days of Remembrance: A Department of Defense Guide for Annual Commemorative Observances'', Second Edition, March 1989.〕 The first Council-sponsored DRVH national civic commemoration was held on April 30, 1981, in the White House. President Ronald Reagan, making his first public appearance after recovering from an attempted assassination, said: We remember the suffering and the death of Jews and all those others who were persecuted in World War II.... We commemorate the days of April in 1945 when American and Allied Troops liberated Nazi death camps.... The tragedy...took place...in our life time. We share the wounds of the survivors. We recall the pain only because we must never permit it to come again.... Our spirit is strengthened by remembering and our hope is in our strength.〔 With some few exceptions, the annual National Civic Commemoration has taken place in the Capitol Rotunda, chosen as the appropriate venue, as described in these words by Senator Robert Byrd, the U.S. Senate Minority Leader, delivered during the 1986 ceremony: Today the Congress of the United States pauses in its deliberations to take part in the Days of Remembrance of victims of the Holocaust. At the close of the 1987 commemoration, the words of Rabbi Arnold Resnicoff's prayer expressed the goals of the DRVH in spiritual terms: So, ''from'' the Holocaust, we learn: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|